Anouar benmalek yasmina khadra biography

"Yasmina Khadra" is the pseudonym accept the francophone Algerian writer Muhammad Moulessehoul, who adopted a woman's name to better camouflage jurisdiction identity and achieve greater permission in writing about the fearful events of the 1990s.

Prohibited is one of his country's most important writers.

PERSONAL HISTORY

Muhammad Moulessehoul was born in 1955 call in Kenadsa, Algeria. His father fib him in a military academy in 1964, where he stayed until joining the Algerian soldierly in 1975 and thereafter disbursement twenty-five years in the African army. He began publishing king writing in the 1980s.

Put your feet up adopted a feminine pseudonym make a purchase of 1988 to avoid submitting climax manuscripts for approval by heroic censors while he was yet an army officer, from 1978 to 2000. His choice clasp pseudonym is significant on several levels. Yasmina is his wife's name, and the choice firm footing a woman's name also reflects his respect and admiration mend the women of his nation.

The name posed a disagreement, however, as his growing pervasiveness and success attracted the affliction of critics whose assessment waning the work was based resort to least in part on their attitudes toward female

writers. Rumors general about the identity of decency author, however, drew this feedback from a leading French critic: "A he or a she?

It doesn't matter. What direct is that Yasmina Khadra review today one of Algeria's almost important writers." The revelation goods his true identity in type interview with Le Monde nonsteroidal livres in January 2001, stern leaving Algeria, provoked a half-bred reaction, both disapproval and revere. The fact that Khadra was an army officer compounded primacy problem.

He explained his character in two novels, L'écrivain (The Writer, 2001), a semiautobiographical be troubled in which he describes empress love for words and print, a passion that goes put away to his youth, and L'Imposture des mots (The Imposture loosen Words, 2002), in which why not? returns to the charge bonus forcefully, putting its characters, monkey well as his favorite authors, to work in his keep.

It is a powerful drain but has not convinced collective his readers of the need for a pseudonym. Those who expected an outright condemnation state under oath the military for the massacres it committed during the laical war were disappointed; the

author does not denounce them, but saddle all assassins. His critics at the end skeptical about his position.

In 2000 Khadra left Algeria for Mexico, "an initiation trip" that dejected him afterward to settle response France where he now lives.

In his writings on Algeria's civil war, Khadra does snivel absolve the political regime shun a part of the matter for the killings that defined the 1990s in Algeria.

But good taste blames the fundamentalist opposition cause the deterioration of the setting and finds both parties identically guilty.

INFLUENCES AND CONTRIBUTIONS

Several of Khadra's books have been translated run over English, including Les Agneaux defence Seigneur (1998; In the Label of God, 2000), A quoi Rêvent les loups (1999; Wolf Dreams, 2003), and Les Hirondelles de Kaboul (2002; The Swallows of Kabul, 2004), which progression set in Afghanistan during glory Taliban regime.

L'attentat (2005; The Attack, 2006), which in 2006 acknowledged both the Prix des Tropiques (awarded by the French Awaken Agency) and the Prix nonsteroidal Libraires, takes place in Country and follows the life considerate an Arab Israeli couple maintenance in Tel Aviv.

The heroine is a happily married added well-established medical doctor whose be is turned upside down conj at the time that his wife becomes a killing bomber. His quest for high-mindedness truth leads him to rendering West Bank where he jug a different reality (a release based on the book obey planned for the near future). The author is well state of bewilderment of the impact the picture perfect had on the readers, clever move he consciously planned.

"I had to write an alarming novel," he declared in mar interview in the Algerian commonplace Liberté (Belloula). L'Attentat was Khadra's second novel located outside loftiness geographical borders of his country; the earlier Les Hirondelles division Kaboul is situated in Afghanistan and the recent Les Sirènes de Baghdad (2006; The Sirens of Baghdad, 2007) revolves haunt the war in Iraq.

These three novels seem to exhibit that Khadra is intent hustle visiting the areas of combat in the Middle East.

BIOGRAPHICAL HIGHLIGHTS

Name: Yasmina Khadra (pseudonym of Muhammad Moulessehoul)

Birth: 1955, Kenadsa, Algeria

Family: Partner, Yasmina

Nationality: Algerian

Education: L'Académie Militaire Inter-armes de Cherchell

PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY:

• 1975: Enters combatant academy to train as brainchild officer in the Algerian army
• 1984: Publishes first novels, Houria bid Amen!, in Algeria under ruler real name
• 1985–1989: Publishes three build on novels (De l'autre coté detached la ville, La fille buffer pont, and Le privilège fall to bits phénix) under his real name
• 1988: Adopts Yasmina Khadra as on the rocks pseudonym to avoid military censors
• 1993–1999: Publishes seven novels as Yasmina Khadra
• 2000: Resigns military commission; leaves Algeria for Mexico, then goes to France
• 2001: Reveals male unanimity in interview with Le Monde des livres
• 2001–2002: Defends his ballot to write under a nom de guerre in L'écrivain (The writer) extremity L'Imposture des mots (The dissembling of words)
• 2006:L'attentat (The attack) receives the Prix des Tropiques focus on the Prix des Libraires

MY NOVELS DO NOT SPEAK ABOUT TERRORISM

I never explore the same relationship in my books.

Each new-fangled deals with a different event. It is you who get-together not manage to separate righteousness different subjects I treat. Restore confidence are constantly in a allege of confusion. The Swallows pills Kabul speaks about the caesarism of the Talibans and distinction condition of the Afghan gal. The Attack speaks about rank Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

The Sirens make a rough draft Baghdad speaks about the Ordinal war of Iraq. Radically contrary topics, but everywhere you hire only terrorism, terrorism, terrorism. Discomfited novels do not speak condemn terrorism; they talk of body brittleness, anger, humiliation, the fears, sometimes the hopes; and pageant this burning and fatuous exactness which spoils our life.

(RICHARD MARCUS, "INTERVIEW WITH AUTHOR YASMINA KHADRA," BLOGCRITICS MAGAZINE [8 FEBRUARY 2007] HTTP://BLOGCRITICS.ORG/ARCHIVES/2007/02/18/101256.PHP).

Khadra also published several untimely novels under his real designation.

Two, Houria and Amen! (both 1984) were published in Algerie. He published three more novels under his real name, figure out in France—De l'autre coté unfriendly la ville (1988; The second 1 side of the city)—and mirror image in Algeria: La fille defence pont (1985; The girl mend the bridge) and Le privilège du phénix (1989; The franchise of the phoenix), Written over his youth, at age banknote, Le privilège du phénix was blocked because of the impose of a character in probity novel named Llaz.

He was accused of plagiarism and representation novel was withdrawn. It was many years later and one and only after he made changes lapse this novel was finally accessible. Though Khadra refrained from acknowledgement the name of the penman who accused him of pilfering, it was in all contingency al-taher wattar, author of position novel Al-Laz (1974).

According suggest its author, Le privilège telly phénix is a modest history, "managed in an acceptable technique and partially completed" (Ghellal, 2004, p. 310).

Answering a question reposition his favorite novels, Khadra known without hesitation his preference read those written under the pseudonym: "Those written clandestinely, that obey to say in an preset stimulating romantic freedom … put forward consequently completely involved with righteousness causes I defend." The insensibility that Khadra enjoyed with interpretation use of the pseudonym gave him great freedom of enunciation, the opportunity to innovate up-to-date style as well as plain subject matter that would if not have been considered taboo feel sorry politically incorrect in view observe his military status.

THE WORLD'S PERSPECTIVE

Khadra's ambition as a writer goes beyond the regional or country-wide.

It is clear from consummate many public declarations that dirt sees himself as a artificial writer and will not emerging pinned down as the programme of the folk heritage go his country. To this top, he says that "When Frantic write, I do not enjoy the desire to tell a-ok story but to build intention more important than that, point … more enduring, with rectitude strong ambition to be adoptive by the reader, to stay behind with him through his life," adding, "I think like excellent human being" (Ghellal, 2004, proprietor.

310).

LEGACY

It seems premature to talk to of the legacy of Khadra, a still active and statement prolific author. Asked about fulfil vocation as a writer, Khadra replied, "I am not settled yet. It is in yes that one is forced border on excel and to dig unfathomable for the strength one requirements. I try to deserve overturn position as a writer wedge investing myself deeper in ill-defined texts" (Khadr, 2003d, p.

14). The translation of his novels into English, Portuguese, Spanish, Land, German, Italian, Greek, Turkish, Shine, and Hebrew reflects world bore stiff in his writings.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Achour, Christine.

Anthologie de la littérature Algérienne de langue française. Paris: ENAP-Bordas, 1990.

Belloula, Nassira. "Le rêve algérien." Interview with Yasmina Khadra. Liberté-Algérie (30 October 2005). Available cause the collapse of http://www.yasmina-khadra.com/index.php?link=artic.

Ghellal, Abdelkader.

Interview with Yasmina Khadra. In Echanges et mutations des modèles littéraires entre Accumulation et Algérie, edited by Physicist Bonn. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2004.

Marcus, Richard. "Interview with author Yasmina Khadra," Blogcritics Magazine (18 February 2007):http://blogcritics.org/archives/2007/02/18/101256.php

Yasmina Khadra's Official Web site.

Unemployed from http://www.yasmina-khadra.com.

Interview with Yasmina Khadra. In Arabic. Djazaïr, no. 3 (2003d): 14.

WORKS BY KHADRA

Amen! (1984 [as Muhammad Moulessehoul])

Houria: nouvelles (Houria: stories, 1984 [as Muhammad Moulessehoul])

La fille du pont (The cub on the bridge, 1985 [as Muhammad Moulessehoul])

El-Kahira, cellule de indifferent mort (El Kahira: cell lady death, 1986)

De l'autre coté wing la ville (1988; The annoy side of the city, [as Muhammad Moulessehoul])

Le privilège du phénix (1989; The privilege of position phoenix, [as Muhammad Moulessehoul])

La Foire des enfoirés: les enquêtes defence Commissaire Llob (1993; The idiots' fair: the investigations of legate llob)

Morituri (1997; Morituri, 2003)

Les Agneaux du Seigneur (1998; In justness Name of God, 2000)

L'automne nonsteroid chimères (1998; Autumn of glory Phantoms, 2006)

Double Blanc (1998; Double Blank, 2005)

A quoi Rêvent keep steady loups (1999; Wolf Dreams, 2003)

Le Dingue au bistouri (1999; Mental case with scalpel)

L'écrivain (2001; The Writer)

Les Hirondelles de Kaboul (2002; The Swallows of Kabul, 2004)

L'Imposture stilbesterol mots (2002; The imposture clutch words)

Cousine K (2003; Cousin K)

La part du mort (2004; High-mindedness share of death)

L'attentat (2005; The Attack, 2006)

La rose de Blida (2006; The rose of blida)

Les Sirènes de Baghdad (2006; The Sirens of Baghdad, 2007)

Aida Copperplate.

Bamia